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Publications

2023

Bruffaerts, Ronny, William G. Axinn, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Corina Benjet, Stephanie Chardoul, Kate M. Scott, Ronald C. Kessler, Paul Schulz, and Jordan W. Smoller. 2023. “Community Exposure to Armed Conflict and Subsequent onset of Alcohol Use Disorder.” Addiction. doi: 10.1111/add.16343.

Diamond-Smith, Nadia G., Adrienne Epstein, Marya G. Zlatnik, Emily Treleaven. 2023. “The Association Between Timing in Pregnancy of Drought and Excess Rainfall, Infant Sex, and Birthweight: Evidence from Nepal.” Environmental Epidemiology 7(5):e263.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Faith Cole, Sabrina Hermosilla, William G. Axinn, and Corina Benjet. 2023. “Alcohol Use Disorders and Internal Migration in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 0:1-7. doi: 10.1136/jech-2022-220030.

Jennings, Elyse A., and Rachael S. Pierotti. 2023. “More than Measurement Error: Discrepant Reporting of Contraceptive Use and the Role of Wives’ and Husbands’ Educational Attainment.” Studies in Family Planning 54(3):445-465. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12249. PMCID: PMC10527002.

2022

Askari, Melanie S., Emily Treleaven, Dirgha J. Ghimire, William G. Axinn, and Sabrina Hermosilla. 2022. “COVID-19 Worries, Concerns and Mitigation Behaviours: A Snapshot of Nepal during the First Wave.” Tropical Medicine & International Health 27(2):165-173. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13713. PMCID: PMC8906281.

Axinn, William G., Emma Banchoff, Faith Cole, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Jordan W. Smoller. 2022. “The Transition to Parenthood, Opportunity to Drink, Drinking, and Alcohol Use Disorder.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 241:109697. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109697. PMCID: PMC10314724.

Axinn, William G., Karmel W. Choi, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Faith Cole, Sabrina Hermosilla, Corina Benjet, Melany C. Morgenstern, Younga H. Lee, and Jordan W. Smoller. 2022. “Community-Level Social Support Infrastructure and Adult Onset of Major Depressive Disorder in a South Asian Postconflict Setting.” JAMA Psychiatry 79(3):243-249. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.4052. PMCID: PMC8792786.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah, Sarah Baird, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2022. “Women’s Employment and Children’s Education: Longitudinal Evidence from Nepal.” Social Science Research 103:102669. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102669. PMCID: PMC8861448.

Epstein, Adrienne, Emily Treleaven, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Nadia Diamond-Smith. 2022. “Drought and Migration: An Analysis of the Effects of Drought on Temporary Labor and Return Migration from a Migrant-Sending Area in Nepal.” Population and Environment 44:145–167. doi: 10.1007/s11111-022-00406-z.

Hermosilla, Sabrina, Karmel W. Choi, Melanie S. Askari, Taylor Marks, Christy Denckla, William Axinn, Jordan W. Smoller, Dirgha Ghimire, and Corina Benjet. 2022. “What Can We Learn About Polytrauma Typologies by Comparing Population-Representative to Trauma-Exposed Samples: A Nepali Example.” Journal of Affective Disorders 314: 201-210. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.006. PMCID: PMC9869468.

Musse, Isabel, Rebecca L. Thornton, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2022. “How Do Women Learn They Are Pregnant? The Introduction of Clinics and Pregnancy Awareness in Nepal.” Studies in Family Planning 53(1):43-59. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12183. PMCID: PMC8957515.

Niknam, Bijan A., and Jose R. Zubizarreta. 2022. “Using Cardinality Matching to Design Balanced and Representative Samples for Observational Studies.” JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods 327(2):173-174. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.20555. PMID: 35015049.

Thornton, Arland, Jeffrey Swindle, Prem Bhandari, Linda Young-DeMarco, Nathalie Williams, and Christina Hughes. 2022. “Developmental Idealism and Migration: Theorizing their Relationship and an Empirical Example from Nepal.” Migration and Development 11(3):818-851. doi: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1837534. PMCID: PMC9387933.

2021

Allendorf, Keera, Arland Thornton, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Colter Mitchell. 2021. “A Good Age to Marry? An Intergenerational Model of the Influence of Timing Attitudes on Entrance into Marriage.” European Journal of Population 37(1):179-209. doi: 10.1007/s10680-020-09565-x. PMCID: PMC7865042.

Axinn, William G., and Stephanie Chardoul. 2021. “Improving Reports of Health Risks: Life History Calendars and Measurement of Potentially Traumatic Experiences.” International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 30(1):e1853. doi: 10.1002/mpr.1853. PMCID: PMC7992281.

Choquette-Levy, Nicolas, Matthias Wildemeersch, Michael Oppenheimer, and Simon A. Levin. 2021. “Risk Transfer Policies and Climate-Induced Immobility among Smallholder Farmers.” Nature Climate Change 11:1046-1054. doi: 10.1038/s41558-021-01205-4.

Cole, Faith, Corina Benjet, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and William G. Axinn. 2021. “Predictors of Transitions across Stages of Alcohol Use and Disorders in an Adult Population with Heterogeneous Ethnic Restrictions Regarding Drinking.” Addiction 116(4):809-818. doi: 10.1111/add.15221. PMCID: PMC7868473.

Compernolle, Ellen L. 2021. “Temporary Labor Migration and Spouses’ Marital Quality: Evidence from Nepal.” Journal of Marriage and Family 83(4):1058-1075. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12766. PMCID: PMC8386812.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, and Prem Bhandari. 2021. “Social Change, Out-Migration and Exit from Farming in Nepal.” Population and Environment 42(3):302-324. doi: 10.1007/s11111-020-00363-5. PMCID: PMC8011527.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Yang Zhang, and Nathalie Williams. 2021. “Husbands’ Migration: Increased Burden on or More Autonomy for Wives Left Behind?” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47(1):227-248. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2019.1675502. PMCID: PMC7953850.

Scott, Kate M., Yang Zhang, Stephanie Chardoul, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Jordan W. Smoller, and William G. Axinn. 2021. “Resilience to Mental Disorders in a Low-Income, Non-Westernized Setting.” Psychological Medicine 51(16):2825-2834. doi: 10.1017/s0033291720001464. PMCID: PMC7704796.

Williams, Nathalie E., Michelle L. O’Brien, and Xiaozheng Yao. 2021. “How Armed Conflict Influences Migration.” Population and Development Review 47(3):781-811. doi: 10.1111/padr.12408.

Zhang, Yang, and William G. Axinn. 2021. “Marital Experiences and Depression in an Arranged Marriage Setting.” American Journal of Sociology 126(6):1439-1486. doi: 10.1086/714272. PMCID: PMC8550576.

2020

Axinn, William G., Stephanie Chardoul, Heather Gatny, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Jordan W. Smoller, Yang Zhang, and Kate M. Scott. 2020. “Using Life History Calendars to Improve Measurement of Lifetime Experience with Mental Disorders.” Psychological Medicine 50(3):515-22. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719000394. PMCID: PMC6739186.

Axinn, William G., Yang Zhang, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Stephanie A. Chardoul, Kate M. Scott, and Ronny Bruffaerts. 2020. “The Association between Marital Transitions and the Onset of Major Depressive Disorder in a South Asian General Population.” Journal of Affective Disorders 266:165-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.069. PMCID: PMC7103558.

Benjet, Corina, William G. Axinn, Sabrina Hermosilla, Paul Schulz, Faith Cole, Laura Sampson, and Dirgha Ghimire. 2020. “Exposure to Armed Conflict in Childhood vs Older Ages and Subsequent Onset of Major Depressive Disorder.” JAMA Network Open 3(11):e2019848. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19848. PMCID: PMC7666425.

Bhandari, Prem. 2020. “Productive vs. Consumptive Uses of Remittances by Households: Evidence from Chitwan Valley of Nepal.” Pp. 58-84 in South Asia Migration Report 2020: Exploitation, Entrepreneurship and Engagement. 1st ed., edited by S.I. Rajan. London, United Kingdom: Routledge India. doi: 10.4324/9780429321450.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2020. “Parents’ Marital Quality and Children’s Transition to Adulthood.” Demography 57(1):195-220. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00851-w. PMCID: PMC7056585.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., and Lisa Pearce. 2020. “The Gendered Relationship between Parental Religiousness and Children’s Marriage Timing.” Sociology of Religion 81(4):413-438. doi: 10.1093/socrel/sraa014. PMCID: PMC7503453.

Ghimire, Dirgha, and Prem Bhandari. 2020. “Study of Migration and Later Life Health in Nepal.” Journal of Migration and Health 1-2:100018. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2020.100018. PMCID: PMC8315697.

Hughes, Christina, Prem Bhandari, Linda Young-DeMarco, Jeffrey Swindle, Arland Thornton, and Nathalie Williams. 2020. “Family Obligation Attitudes, Gender, and Migration.” International Journal of Sociology 50(4):237-264. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2020.1726109. PMCID: PMC7739897.

Pokhrel, Keshav P., Taysseer Sharaf, Prem Bhandari, and Dirgha Ghimire. 2020. “Farm Exit Among Smallholder Farmers of Nepal: A Bayesian Logistic Regression Models Approach.” Agricultural Research 9(4):675-683. doi: 10.1007/s40003-020-00465-4. PMCID: PMC8550563.

Thornton, Arland, Prem Bhandari, Jeffrey Swindle, Nathalie Williams, Linda Young-DeMarco, Cathy Sun, and Christina Hughes. 2020. “Fatalistic Beliefs and Migration Behaviors: A Study of Ideational Demography in Nepal.” Population Research and Policy Review 39(4):643-670. doi: 10.1007/s11113-019-09551-0. PMCID: PMC7731575.

Williams, Nathalie E., Prem Bhandari, Linda Young-DeMarco, Jeffrey Swindle, Christina Hughes, Loritta Chan, Arland Thornton, Cathy Sun. 2020. “Ethno-Caste Influences on Migration Rates and Destinations.” World Development 130:104912. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104912. PMCID: PMC7192549.

Williams, Nathalie E., and Clark Gray. 2020. “Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Weather Shocks and Migration in Nepal.” Population and Environment 41(3):286-305. doi: 10.1007/s11111-019-00334-5. PMCID: PMC7219478.

Williams, Nathalie E., Christina Hughes, Prem B. Bhandari, Arland Thornton, Linda Young-DeMarco, Cathy Sun, and Jeffrey Swindle. 2020. “When Does Social Capital Matter for Migration? A Study of Networks, Brokers, and Migrants in Nepal.” International Migration Review 54(4):964-991. doi: 10.1177/0197918319882634. PMCID: PMC8016173.

2019

Acharya, Yubraj, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Prem Bhandari, Ramesh Ghimire, and Andrew D. Jones. 2019. “Household Migration and Children’s Diet in Nepal: An Exploratory Study.” BMC Research Notes 12(1):390. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4430-x. PMCID: PMC6625056.

Allendorf, Keera. 2019. “Parents’ Valuation of Approving a Child’s Spouse in a Context of Marital Change.” Journal of Family Issues 40(15):2097-2122. doi: 10.1177/0192513X19849634.

Allendorf, Keera, Arland Thornton, Colter Mitchell, and Linda Young De-Marco. “The Influence of Developmental Idealism on Marital Attitudes, Expectations, and Timing.” Journal of Family Issues 40(17):2359-2388. doi: 10.1177/0192513X19856642. PMCID: PMC7079761.

Bhandari, Prem. 2019. “Rural Households’ Allocation of Remittance Income in Agriculture in Nepal.” Global Journal of Agriculture and Allied Services 1(1):1-10. doi: 10.35251/gjaas.2019.001.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah, Sarah Baird, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2019. “Maternal Employment and Child Health in Nepal: The Importance of Job Type and Timing across the Child’s First Five Years.” Social Science and Medicine 224:94-105. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.02.009. PMCID: PMC6532054.

Compernolle, Ellen L., and William G. Axinn. 2019. “Mass Education, International Travel, and Ideal Ages at Marriage.” Demography 56(6):2083-2108. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00838-7. PMCID: PMC7029419.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Nathalie E. Williams, Arland Thornton, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Prem Bhandari. 2019. “Strategies for Origin-based Surveying of International Migrants.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 45(7):1185-1206. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2017.1394178. PMCID: PMC6481943.

Miller, Jessica. 2019. “Perception of Environmental Change Relationship to Labor Migration in the Chitwan Valley.” International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Economic Issues 2(2):41-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.32674/ijeei.v2i2.13.

Thornton, Arland, Dirgha Ghimire, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Prem Bhandari. 2019. “The Reliability and Stability of Measures of Individuals’ Values and Beliefs Concerning Developmental Idealism in Nepal.” Sociology of Development 5(3):314-36. doi: 10.1525/sod.2019.5.3.314.

Thornton, Arland, Nathalie E. Williams, Prem Bhandari, Linda Young-DeMarco, Cathy Sun, Jeffrey Swindle, Christina Hughes, and Yu Xie. 2019. “Influences of Material Aspirations on Migration.” Demography 56(1):75-102. doi: 10.1007/s13524-018-0751-y. PMCID: PMC6501049.

2018

Smith-Greenaway, Emily, Sarah Brauner-Otto, and William Axinn. 2018. “Offspring Education and Parental Mortality: Evidence from South Asia.” Social Science Research 76:157-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.07.001. PMCID: PMC6408726.

Williams, Nathalie, and Dirgha Ghimire. 2018. “Mixed Methods in a Comparative Context: Technology and New Opportunities for Social Science Research.” Chapter 20 in Advances in Comparative Survey Methods: Multinational, Multiregional, and Multicultural Contexts edited by T. P. Johnson, B. E. Pennell, I. A. L. Stoop, and B. Dorer. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118884997.ch20.

Williams, Nathalie E., Dirgha Ghimire, and Karen A. Snedker. 2018. “Fear of Violence During Armed Conflict: Social Roles and Responsibilities as Determinants of Fear.” Social Science Research 71:145-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.01.004. PMCID: PMC5846491.

2017

Allendorf, Keera. 2017. “Conflict and Compatibility? Developmental Idealism and Gendered Differences in Marital Choice.” Journal of Marriage and Family 79(2):337-55. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12339.

Allendorf, Keera, Arland Thornton, Colter Mitchell, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2017. “Early Women, Late Men: Timing Attitudes and Gender Differences in Marriage.” Journal of Marriage and Family 79(5):1478-96. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12426. PMCID: PMC5679473.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Emily Smith-Greenaway. 2017. “Emotional Variation and Fertility Behavior.” Demography 54(2):437-58. doi: 10.1007/s13524-017-0555-5. PMCID: PMC5426117.

Bhandari, Prem, and Indra Chaudhary. 2017. “A Calendar Method of Collecting Remittance Use Data in a Remittance Dependent Setting of Nepal.” Migration and Development 6(2):177-97. doi: 10.1080/21632324.2015.1129689. PMCID: PMC5791769. 

Brauner-Otto, Sarah, and William G. Axinn. 2017. “Natural Resource Collection and Desired Family Size: A Longitudinal Test of Environment-population Theories.” Population and Environment 38(4):381-406. doi: 10.1007/s11111-016-0267-6. PMCID: PMC5608093.

Ghimire, Dirgha J. 2017. “Social Context of First Birth Timing in a Rapidly Changing Rural Setting.” Social Science Research 61:314-29. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.07.001. PMCID: PMC5125526.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, Heather Gatny, and Stephanie Chardoul. 2017. “Preparing a Culturally Appropriate Translation of a Survey Questionnaire.” SAGE Research Methods Cases. doi: 10.4135/9781526409515.

Jennings, Elyse A. 2017. “Family Composition and Marital Dissolution in Rural Nepal, 1945-2008.” Population Studies 71(2):229-48. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2017.1282622. PMCID: PMC5448290.

Marchiori, Luca, Jean-François Maystadt, and Ingmar Schumacher. 2017. “Is Environmentally Induced Income Variability a Driver of Human Migration?” Migration and Development 6(1):33-59. doi: 10.1080/21632324.2015.1020106.

McKendry-Smith, Emily. 2017. “‘Enjoy the Heat of a Log, and Heed the Advice of the Elders’: Religious, Educational, and Neighborhood Determinants of Parental Influence on Spousal Choice in Nepal.” Pp.1-26 in Intimate Relationships and Social Change: The Dynamic Nature of Dating, Mating, and Coupling. Vol. 11, Contemporary Perspectives in Family Research, edited by C.L. Scott and S.L. Blair. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited.

Pearlman, Jessica, Lisa D. Pearce, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Prem Bhandari, and Taylor Hargrove. 2017. “Postmarital Living Arrangements in Historically Patrilocal Settings: Integrating Household Fission and Migration Perspectives.” Demography 54(4):1425-1449. doi: 10.1007/s13524-017-0588-9. PMCID: PMC5856169.

Sullivan, Abigail, Abigail M. York, Li An, Scott T. Yabiku, and Sharon J. Hall. 2017. “How Does Perception at Multiple Levels Influence Collective Action in the Commons? The Case of Mikania Micrantha in Chitwan, Nepal.” Forest Policy and Economics 80:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2017.03.001.

Sullivan, Abigail, Abigail M. York, Dave D. White, Sharon J. Hall, and Scott T. Yabiku. 2017. “De Jure Versus de Facto Institutions: Trust, Information, and Collective Efforts to Manage the Invasive Mile-a-Minute Weed (Mikania Micrantha).” International Journal of the Commons 11(1):171-99. doi: 10.18352/ijc.676.

Williams, Nathalie E., Michelle L. Obrien, and Xiaozheng Yao. 2017. “Using Survey Data for Agent-Based Modeling: Design and Challenges in a Model of Armed Conflict and Population Change.” Pp. 159-84 in Agent-Based Modelling in Population Studies: Concepts, Methods, and Applications. Vol. 41, The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis, edited by A. Grow and J. Van Bavel. New York City, NY: Springer, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-32283-4_6.

Yabiku, Scott T., Jennifer E. Glick, Elizabeth A. Wentz, Dirgha Ghimire, and Qunshan Zhao. 2017. “Comparing Paper and Tablet Modes of Retrospective Activity Space Data Collection.” Survey Research Methods 11(3):329-44. doi: 10.18148/srm/2017.v11i3.6741. PMCID: PMC5881931.

2016

Bhandari, Prem, and Dirgha Ghimire. 2016. “Rural Agricultural Change and Individual Out-Migration.” Rural Sociology 81(4):572-600. doi: 10.1111/ruso.12106. PMCID: PMC5220587.

Hawes, Armani M., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2016. “Ethnicity and Psychiatric Disorders.” Annals of Psychiatry and Mental Health 4(4):1072. PMCID: PMC5560443.

Jennings, Elyse A. 2016. “Predictors of Marital Dissolution During a Period of Rapid Social Change: Evidence from South Asia.” Demography 53(5):1351-75. doi: 10.1007/s13524-016-0504-8. PMCID: PMC5050159.

Jennings, Elyse A, and Rachael Pierotti. 2016. “The Influence of Wives’ and Husbands’ Fertility Preferences on Progression to a Third Birth in Nepal, 1997-2009.” Population Studies 70(1):115-33. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2016.1140806. PMCID: PMC4798881.

2015

Allendorf, Keera, and Arland Thornton. 2015. “Caste and Choice: The Influence of Developmental Idealism on Marriage Behavior.” American Journal of Sociology 121(1):243-87. doi: 10.1086/681968. PMCID: PMC4629814.

Axinn, William G. 2015. “Demographic Change: The Case of Chitwan Valley in Nepal.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):1-3. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2015.1004973.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, Nathalie E. Williams, and Kate M. Scott. 2015. “Associations Between the Social Organization of Communities and Psychiatric Disorders in Rural Asia.” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 50(10):1537-45. doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1042-1. PMCID: PMC4594883.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah. 2015. “Health Services, Attitudes about Children, and Fertility Limitation.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):24-43. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2015.1004976.

Compernolle, Ellen. 2015. “Changing Attitudes toward Care of Aging Parents: The Influence of Education, International Travel, and Gender.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):64-83. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2015.1005435. PMCID: PMC4389642.

Ghimire, Dirgha. 2015. “Wives’ and Husbands’ Nonfamily Experiences and First-Birth Timing.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):4-23. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2015.1004974. PMCID: PMC4587386.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, and Emily Smith-Greenaway. 2015. “Impact of the Spread of Mass Education on Married Women’s Experience with Domestic Violence.” Social Science Research 54:319-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.08.004. PMCID: PMC4607934.

Pearce, Lisa D., Sarah R. Brauner-Otto, and Yingchun Ji. 2015. “Explaining Religious Differentials in Family Size Preferences: Evidence from Nepal in 1996.” Population Studies 69(1):23-37. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2014.995695. PMCID: PMC4394011.

West, Brady T., Dirgha Ghimire, and William G. Axinn. 2015. “Evaluating a Modular Design Approach to Collecting Survey Data Using Text Messages.” Survey Research Methods 9(2):111-23. doi: 10.18148/srm/2015.v9i2.6135. PMCID: PMC4551499.

Williams, Nathalie E. 2015. “Mixed and Complex Mixed Migration during Armed Conflict: Multidimensional Empirical Evidence from Nepal.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):44-63. doi: 10.1080/00207659.2015.1005434. PMCID: PMC4565194.

2014

An, Li, Alex Zvoleff, Jianguo Liu, and William G. Axinn. 2014. “Agent-Based Modeling in Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS): Lessons from a Comparative Analysis.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 104(4):723-45. doi: 10.1080/00045608.2014.910085.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R. 2014. “Environmental Quality and Fertility: The Effects of Plant Density, Species Richness, and Plant Diversity on Fertility Limitation.” Population and Environment 36(1):1-31. doi: 10.1007/s11111-013-0199-3. PMCID: PMC4290375.

Carter, Neil H., Shawn J. Riley, Ashton Shortridge, Binoj K. Shrestha, and Jianguo Liu. 2014. “Spatial Assessment of Attitudes Toward Tigers in Nepal.” Ambio 43:125-37. doi: 10.1007/s13280-013-0421-7. PMCID: PMC3906475.

Carter, Neil H, Andrés Viña, Vanessa Hull, William J. McConnell, William Axinn, Dirgha  Ghimire, and Jianguo Liu. 2014. “Coupled Human and Natural Systems Approach to Wildlife Research and Conservation.” Ecology and Society 19(3):43. doi: 10.5751/ES-06881-190343.

Jennings, Elyse. 2014. “Marital Discord and Subsequent Dissolution: Perceptions of Nepalese Wives and Husbands’.” Journal of Marriage and Family 76(3):476-88. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12104. PMCID: PMC4251804.

Mneimneh, Zeina, N., William G. Axinn, Dirgha Ghimire, Kristen L. Cibelli, and Mohammad Salih Alkaisy. 2014. “Conducting Surveys in Areas of Armed Conflict.” Pp.134-156 in Hard- to-Survey Populations edited by R. Tourangeau, B. Edwards, T. P. Johnson, K. M. Wolter, and N. Bates. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Williams, Nathalie E., Arland Thornton, and Linda C. Young-Demarco. 2014. “Migrant Values and Beliefs: How Are They Different and How Do They Change?” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 40(5):796-813. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2013.830501. PMCID: PMC3927938.

Yarger, Jennifer, and Sarah R. Brauner-Otto. 2014. “Nonfamily Experience and Receipt of Personal Care in Nepal.” Ageing & Society 34(1):106-28. doi: 10.1017/S0144686X12000815. PMCID: PMC4080634.

Zvoleff, Alex, and Li An. 2014. “Analyzing Human-landscape Interactions: Tools that Integrate.” Environmental Management 53(1):94-111.  doi: 10.1007/s00267-012-0009-1.

Zvoleff, Alexander, and Li An. 2014. “The Effect of Reciprocal Connections between Demographic Decision Making and Land Use on Decadal Dynamics of Population and Land-Use Change.” Ecology and Society 19(2):31. doi: 10.5751/ES-06243-190231.

2013

Allendorf, Keera, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2013. “Determinants of Marital Quality in an Arranged Marriage Society.” Social Science Research 42(1):59-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.09.002. PMCID: PMC3711098.

Axinn, William G, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Nathalie E. Williams, and Kate M. Scott. 2013. “Gender, Traumatic Events, and Mental Health Disorders in a Rural Asian Setting.” Journal of health and Social Behavior 54(4):444-61. doi: 10.1177/0022146513501518. PMCID: PMC3891584. 

Bhandari, Prem B. 2013. “Rural Livelihood Change? Household Capital, Community Resources and Livelihood Transition.” Journal of Rural Studies 32:126-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2013.05.001. PMCID: PMC3772533.

Bhandari, Prem, and Dirgha Ghimire. 2013. “Rural Agricultural Change and Fertility Transition in Nepal.” Rural Sociology 78(2):229-52. doi: 10.1111/ruso.12007. PMCID: PMC3667159.

Binstock, Georgina, Arland Thornton, Mohammad J. Abbasi-Shavazi, Dirgha Ghimire, Yu Xie, and Kathryn M. Yount. 2013. “Influences on the Knowledge and Beliefs of Ordinary People about Developmental Hierarchies.” International Journal of Comparative Sociology 54(4):325-44. doi: 10.1177/0020715213506726. PMCID: PMC3952150.

Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya. 2013. “Labour Migration and Investments by Remaining Households in Rural Nepal.” Journal of Population Research 30:171-192.doi: 10.1007/s12546-012-9097-2.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R. 2013. “Attitudes about Children and Fertility Limitation Behavior.” Population Research and Policy Review 32:1-24. doi: 10.1007/s11113-012-9261-6. PMCID: PMC3671613.

Carter, Neil H., Bhim Gurung, Andrés Viña, Henry Campa III, Jhamak B. Karki, and Jianguo Liu. 2013. “Assessing Spatiotemporal Changes in Tiger Habitat Across Different Land Management Regimes.” Ecosphere 4(10):1-19. doi: 10.1890/ES13-00191.1.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2013. “Marital Processes, Arranged Marriage, and Contraception to Limit Fertility.” Demography 50(5):1663-86. doi: 10.1007/s13524-013-0221-5. PMCID: PMC3786027.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Stephanie Chardoul, Ronald C. Kessler, William G. Axinn, and Bishnu P. Adhikari. 2013. “Modifying and Validating the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) for Use in Nepal.” International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 22(1):71-81. doi: 10.1002/mpr.1375. PMCID: PMC3610833.

Jennings, Elyse A., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2013. “The Influence of Neighbors’ Family Size Preference on Progression to High Parity Births in Rural Nepal.” Studies in Family Planning 44(1):67-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2013.00344.x. PMCID: PMC3621985.

Ji, Yingchun. 2013. “Negotiating Marriage and Schooling: Nepalese Women’s Transition to Adulthood.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 646(1):194-213. doi: 10.1177/0002716212469925.

Piotrowski, Martin. 2013. “Mass Media and Rural Out-Migration in the Context of Social Change: Evidence from Nepal.” International Migration 51(3):169-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2435.2010.00627.x. PMCID: PMC3724225.

Piotrowski, Martin, Dirgha Ghimire, and Ronald Rindfuss. 2013. “Farming Systems and Rural Out-Migration in Nang Rong, Thailand, and Chitwan Valley, Nepal.” Rural Sociology 78(1):75-108. doi: 10.1111/ruso.12000. PMCID: PMC3963478.

Williams, Nathalie E. 2013. “How Community Organizations Moderate the Effect of Armed Conflict on Migration in Nepal.” Population Studies 67(3):353-69. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2012.754927. PMCID: PMC3674115.

2012

Axinn, William G, Dirgha Ghimire, and Natalie E. Williams. 2012. “Collecting Survey Data During Armed Conflict.” Journal of Official Statistics 28(2): 153-71. PMCID: PMC3571111.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R. 2012. “Schools, Their Spatial Distribution and Characteristics, and Fertility Limitation.” Rural Sociology 77(3):321-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2012.00085.x. PMCID: PMC3498490.

Carter, Neil H., Shawn J. Riley, and Jianguo Liu. 2012. “Utility of a Psychological Framework for Carnivore Conservation.” Oryx 46(4):525-35. doi: 10.1017/S0030605312000245.

Carter, Neil H., Binoj K. Shrestha, Jhamak B. Karki, Narendra Man Babu Pradhan, and Jianguo Liu. 2012. “Coexistence between Wildlife and Humans at Fine Spatial Scales.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109(38): 15360-15365. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1210490109. PMCID: PMC3458348.

Dangol, Dharma Raj, and Keshav Lall Maharjan. 2012. “Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Flora in Forest, Grassland and Common Land Ecosystems of Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Journal of International Development and Cooperation 18(4):77-92. PMCID: PMC4106148.

Jennings, Elyse A, William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2012. “The Effect of Parents’ Attitudes on Sons’ Marriage Timing.” American Sociological Review 77(6):923-45. doi: 10.1177/0003122412464041. PMCID: PMC3590910.

Link, Cynthia F., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2012. “Household Energy Consumption: Community Context and the Fuelwood Transition.” Social Science Research 41(3):598-611. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.12.007. PMCID: PMC3461177.

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Dirgha Ghimire, Arjan Gjonca, Attila Melegh, Colter Mitchell, Mansoor Moaddell, Yu Xie, Li-Shou Yang, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Kathryn M. Yount. 2012. “Knowledge and Beliefs about National Development and Developmental Hierarchies: The Viewpoints of Ordinary People in Thirteen Countries.” Social Science Research 41(5):1053-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.03.005. PMCID: PMC3462366. 

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, Kathryn M. Yount, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Dirgha Ghimire, and Yu Xie. 2012. “International Fertility Change: New Data and Insights from the Developmental Idealism Framework.” Demography 49:677-98. doi: 10.1007/s13524-012-0097-9. PMCID: PMC3328099.

Thornton, Arland, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Colter Mitchell. 2012. “The Measurement and Prevalence of an Ideational Model of Family and Economic Development in Nepal.” Population Studies 66(3):329-45. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2012.714795. PMCID: PMC3505987.

Williams, Nathalie E., Dirgha J. Ghimire, William G. Axinn, Elyse A. Jennings, and Meeta S. Pradhan. 2012. “A Micro-level Event-centered Approach to Investigating Armed Conflict and Population Responses.” Demography 49(4):1521-46. doi: 10.1007/s13524-012-0134-8. PMCID: PMC3495997.

2011

Axinn, William G., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2011. “Social Organization, Population, and Land Use.” American Journal of Sociology 117(1):209-58. doi: 10.1086/661072. PMCID: PMC3162250.

Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya, and Douglas S. Massey. 2011. “Environmental Degradation and Out-Migration: Evidence from Nepal.” Pp. 74-101 in Migration, Environment and Climate Change, edited by E. Piguet, A. Pécoud and P. deGuchteneire. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya, and Douglas S. Massey. 2011. “Individual Decisions to Migrate During Civil Conflict.” Demography 48(2):401-424. doi: 10.1007/s13524-011-0016-5. PMCID: PMC3365856.

Link, Cynthia F. 2011. “Spousal Communication and Contraceptive Use in Rural Nepal: An Event History Analysis.” Studies in Family Planning. 42(2):83-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2011.00268.x. PMCID: PMC3338321.

Williams, Nathalie E., Arland Thornton, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Linda Young-DeMarco. 2011. “Nepali Migrants to the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Values, Behaviors, and Plans.” Pp. 155-185 in Migrant Labour in the Persian Gulf, edited by M. Kamrava and Z. Babar. New York: Columbia University Press.

2010

Axinn, William G., Jennifer S. Barber, and Ann E. Biddlecom. 2010. “Social Organization and the Transition from Direct to Indirect Consumption.” Social Science Research 39(3):357-68.  doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.01.001. PMCID: PMC2877213.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2010. “Community Context, Land Use and First Birth.” Rural Sociology 75(3):478-513. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2010.00019.x. PMCID: PMC2945390.

Massey, Douglas S., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2010. “Environmental Change and Out-migration: Evidence from Nepal.” Population and Environment 32:109-36. doi: 10.1007/s11111-010-0119-8. PMCID: PMC3042700.

Massey, Douglas S., Nathalie Williams, William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2010. “Community Services and Out-Migration.” International Migration 48(3):1-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00581.x. PMCID: PMC3146299.

Thornton, Arland D., Alexandra Achen, Jennifer S. Barber, Georgina Binstock, Wade M. Garrison, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Ronald Inglehart, Rukmalie Jayakody, Yang Jiang, Julie de Jong, Katherine King, Ron J. Lesthaeghe, Sohair Mehanna, Colter Mitchell, Mansoor Moaddel, Mary Beth Ofstedal, Norbert Schwarz, Wang Guangzhou, Yu Xie, Li-Shou Yang, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Kathryn M. Yount. 2010. “Creating Questions and Protocols for an International Study of Ideas about Development and Family Life.” Pp. 59-74 in Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional and Multicultural Contexts, edited by M. Braun, B. Edwards, J. Harkness, T. Johnson, L. Lyberg, P. Mohler, B.E. Pennell, and T.W. Smith. Hoboken. NJ: John Wiley and Sons. doi: 10.1002/9780470609927.ch4.

2009

Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya, and Douglas S. Massey. 2009. “Processes of Internal and International Migration from Chitwan, Nepal.” International Migration Review 43(3):621-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2009.00779.x. PMCID: PMC3060790.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R. 2009. “Schools, Schooling, and Children’s Support of Their Ageing Parents.” Ageing & Society 29(7):1015-39. doi: 10.1017/S0144686X09008575. PMCID: PMC2801906.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2009. “Reciprocal Relation between Population and Environment: Innovations on Flora Data Collection.” Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. 30:143-49. PMCID: PMC3427142.

Shrestha, Binoj K., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Dharma Raj Dangol. 2009. “Lahare Banmara (Mikania micrantha) ko Atikraman; Badhdo Chunauti.” Paryabaran 89:26-30.

Williams, Nathalie. 2009. “Education, Gender, and Migration in the Context of Social Change.” Social Science Research 38(4):883-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.04.005. PMCID: PMC3418604.

Yabiku, Scott T., and Sarah Schlabach. 2009. “Social Change and the Relationships Between Education and Employment.” Population Research and Policy Review 28:533-49. doi: 10.1007/s11113-008-9117-2. PMCID: PMC3066097.

2008

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Jennifer S. Barber. 2008. “The Influence of Ideational Dimensions of Social Change on Family Formation in Nepal.” Pp. 251-280 in International Family Change: Ideational Perspectives, edited by R. Jayakody, A. Thornton, and W.G. Axinn. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2008. “Fulbari VDC (Chitwan) A Potential Destination for Agrotourism Business.” Nepal Travel Trade Reporter 10(49):44-49.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2008. “Traditional Uses of Plants of Commonland Habitats in Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. 29:71-78. PMCID: PMC3432267.

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2008. “International Dissemination of Ideas about Development and Family Change.” Pp. 19-44 in International Family Change: Ideational Perspectives, edited by R. Jayakody, A. Thornton, and W.G. Axinn. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

2007

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2007. “The Spread of Health Services and Fertility Transition.” Demography 44(4):747-770. doi: 10.1353/dem.2007.0041.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2007. “Human Impact on Plant Resources: Evidence from Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Nepal Travel Trade Reporter 10(43):44-45.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and Lynette F. Hoelter. 2007. “Land Use and First Birth Timing in an Agricultural Setting.” Population and Environment 28(6): 289-320. doi: 10.1007/s11111-007-0056-3.

2006

Axinn, William G., and Lisa D. Pearce. 2006. “Mixed Method Data Collection Strategies.” Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2006. “Family Change in Nepal: Evidence from Western Chitwan.” Contributions to Nepalese Studies 33(2):177-201.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, Scott T. Yabiku, and Arland Thornton. 2006. “Social Change, Premarital Nonfamily Experience, and Spouse Choice in an Arranged Marriage Society.” American Journal of Sociology 111(4):1181-1218. doi: 10.1086/498468.

Shrestha, Binoj K., and Dharma Raj Dangol. 2006. “Change in Grassland Vegetation in the Northern Part of Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal.” Scientific World 4(4):78-83.

Shrestha, Binoj K., Dharma Raj Dangol, and Krishnaji Ghimire. 2006. “Heterogeneity in Plant Population and Species Diversity in Barandabhar Corridor Forest, Chitwan.” Banko Janakari 16(2):58-63. doi: 10.3126/banko.v16i2.993.

Yabiku, Scott T. 2006. “Land Use and Marriage Timing in Nepal.” Population and Environment 27:445-461. doi: 10.1007/s11111-006-0030-5.

Yabiku, Scott T. 2006. “Neighbors and Neighborhoods: Effects on Marriage Timing.” Population Research and Policy Review 25:305-327. doi: 10.1007/s11113-006-9006-5.

2005

Biddlecom, Ann E., William G. Axinn, and Jennifer S. Barber. 2005. “Environmental Effects on Family Size Preferences and Subsequent Reproductive Behavior in Nepal.” Population and Environment 26: 583-621. doi: 10.1007/s11111-005-1874-9.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2005. “Species Composition, Distribution, Life Forms and Folk Nomenclature of Forest and Common Land Plants of Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science 26:93-105. PMCID: PMC3434227.

Dangol, Dharma Raj, Prem B. Bhandari, Bishnu Adhikari, Indra Chaudhary, and Susan Gurung. 2005. “Pashchhim Chitwanko banaspati surbhekchhen tatha vishleshan.” Hamro Sirjana 2063:33-40.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and Paul Mohai. 2005. “Environmentalism and Contraceptive Use: How People in Less Developed Settings Approach Environmental Issues.” Population and Environment 27(1):29-61. doi: 10.1007/s11111-005-0012-z.

Yabiku, Scott T. 2005. “The Effect of Non-family Experiences on Age of Marriage in a Setting of Rapid Social Change.” Population Studies 59(3):339-54. doi: 10.1080/00324720500223393.

2004

Barber, Jennifer S. 2004. “Community Social Context and Individualistic Attitudes toward Marriage.” Social Psychology Quarterly 67(3):236-256. doi: 10.1177/019027250406700302.

Barber, Jennifer S., and William G. Axinn. 2004. “New Ideas and Fertility Limitation: The Role of Mass Media.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 66(5):1180-1200. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00086.x.

Barber, Jennifer S., Susan A. Murphy, and Natalya Verbitsky. 2004. “Adjusting for Time-Varying Confounding in Survival Analysis.” Sociological Methodology 34(1):163-92. doi: 10.1111/j.0081-1750.2004.00151.x.

Bhandari, Prem B. 2004. “Relative Deprivation and Migration in an Agricultural Setting of Nepal.” Population and Environment 25(5):475-99. doi: 10.1023/B:POEN.0000036931.73465.79.

Hoelter, Lynette F., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2004. “Social Change, Premarital Non-Family Experiences, and Marital Dynamics.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 66(5):1131-51. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00083.x.

Yabiku, Scott T. 2004. “Marriage Timing in Nepal: Organizational Effects and Individual Mechanisms.” Social Forces 83(2):559-86. doi: 10.1353/sof.2005.0023.

2003

Axinn, William G., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2003. “Linking People and Land Use: A Sociological Perspective.” Pp. 285-313 in People and the Environment, edited by J. Fox, R.R. Rindfuss, S. Walsh, and V. Mishra. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Barber, Jennifer S., Ann E. Biddlecom, and William G. Axinn. 2003. “Neighborhood Social Change and Perceptions of Environmental Degradation.” Population and Environment. 25(2):77-108.

2002

Barber, Jennifer S., Lisa D. Pearce, Indra Chaudhary, and Susan Gurung. 2002. “Voluntary Associations and Fertility Limitation.” Social Forces 80(4):1369-1401. doi: 10.1353/sof.2002.0019.

Beutel, Ann M., and William G. Axinn. 2002. “Gender, Social Change, and Educational Attainment.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 51(1):109-34. doi: 10.1086/345517. 

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2002. “Dictionary of Forest and Common Land Plants of Western Chitwan.” Rampur, Nepal: Population and Ecology Research Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2002. “Economic Uses of Forest Plant Resources in Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Banko Janakari 12(2):56-64. PMCID: PMC3469582.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2002. “Ethnobotanical Research and Education in Chitwan, Nepal.” Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science 23:1-7.

Maples, Jerry J., Susan A. Murphy, and William G. Axinn. 2002. “Two-Level Proportional Hazards Models.” Biometrics 58(4):754-63. doi: 10.1111/j.0006-341X.2002.00754.x.

Pearce, Lisa D. 2002. “Integrating Survey and Ethnographic Methods for Systematic Anomalous Case Analysis.” Sociological Methodology 32(1):103-132. doi: 10.1111/1467-9531.00113.

2001

Axinn, William G., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2001. “Mass Education and Fertility Transition.” American Sociological Review 66(4):481-505.

Axinn, William G., and Scott T. Yabiku. 2001. “Social Change, the Social Organization of Families, and Fertility Limitation.” American Journal of Sociology 106(5):1219-61.  doi: 10.1086/320818.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2001. “A Bibliography of Literature on Flora, Ecology, Environment and Ethnobotany.” Rampur, Nepal: Population and Ecology Research Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 2001. “Measures for Vegetation Description and Analysis.” Rampur, Nepal: Population and Ecology Research Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.

Dangol, Dharma Raj, and Ganesh P. Shivakoti. 2001. “Plant Diversity of Western Chitwan: A Floristic Approach.” Journal of Natural History Museum 20:129-47. PMCID: PMC3418710.

Dangol, Dharma Raj, and Ganesh P. Shivakoti. 2001. “Species Composition and Dominance of Plant Communities in Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 3:69-78.

Dangol, Dharma Raj, and Binoj K. Shrestha. 2001. “Weeds of West Chitwan Wheat Ecosystem.” Environment April-September.

Pienta, Amy Mehraban, Jennifer S. Barber, and William G. Axinn. 2001. “Social Change and Adult Children’s Attitudes toward Support of Elderly Parents: Evidence from Nepal.” Hallym International Journal of Aging 3(2):211-235.

2000

Barber, Jennifer S., Susan A. Murphy, William G. Axinn, and Jerry J. Maples. 2000. “Discrete-Time Multilevel Hazard Analysis.” Sociological Methodology 30:201-235. doi: 10.1111/0081-1750.00079.

Matthews, Stephen A., Ganesh P. Shivakoti, and Netra Chhetri. 2000. “Population Forces and Environmental Change: Observations from Western Chitwan, Nepal.” Society and Natural Resources 13:763-75. doi: 10.1080/089419200750035610.

1999

Axinn, William G., Lisa D. Pearce, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 1999. “Innovations in Life History Calendar Applications.” Social Science Research 28(3):243-64. doi: 10.1006/ssre.1998.0641.

Dangol, Dharma Raj. 1999. “PERL Flora Manual.” Rampur, Nepal: Population and Ecology Research Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.

Shivakoti, Ganesh P., William G. Axinn, Prem Bhandari, and Netra Chhetri. 1999. “The Impact of Community Context on Land Use in an Agricultural Society.” Population and Environment 20(3):191-213. doi: 10.1023/A:1023398907307.

1997

Axinn, William G., and Ganesh P. Shivakoti. 1997. “Demographic Issues and the Use of Natural Resources.” Pp. 83-85 in People, Participation, and Sustainable Development: Understanding the Dynamics of Natural Resource Systems, edited by Shivakoti et al. Bloomington, Indiana and Rampur, Chitwan: Winrock International.

Axinn, William G., Jennifer S. Barber, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 1997. “The Neighborhood History Calendar: A Data Collection Method Designed for Dynamic Multilevel Modeling.” Sociological Methodology 27:355-92. doi: 10.1111/1467-9531.271031.

Barber, Jennifer S., Ganesh P. Shivakoti, William G. Axinn, and Kishor Gajurel. 1997. “Sampling Strategies for Rural Settings: A Detailed Example from Chitwan Valley Family Study, Nepal.” Nepal Population Journal 6(5):193-203.

Matthews, Stephen A. 1997. “Methods to Incorporate Spatial and Temporal Effects in Research on Interrelationships Between Population and Environment.” in People, Participation, and Sustainable Development: Understanding the Dynamics of Natural Resource Systems, edited by Shivakoti et al. Bloomington, Indiana and Rampur, Chitwan: Winrock International.

Richter, Kerry, and Netra Chhetri. 1997. “Issues and Strategies for Understanding Population and Ecology Inter-linkages in Western Chitwan.” in People, Participation, and Sustainable Development: Understanding the Dynamics of Natural Resource Systems, edited by Shivakoti et al. Bloomington, Indiana and Rampur, Chitwan: Winrock International.